Перевод и анализ слов искусственным интеллектом ChatGPT
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- этимология
twitch muscle - перевод на арабский
![(a) Some ATP is stored in a resting muscle. As contraction starts, it is used up in seconds. More ATP is generated from creatine phosphate for about 15 seconds. (b) Each glucose molecule produces two ATP and two molecules of pyruvic acid, which can be used in aerobic respiration or converted to [[lactic acid]]. If oxygen is not available, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, which may contribute to [[muscle fatigue]]. This occurs during strenuous exercise when high amounts of energy are needed but oxygen cannot be sufficiently delivered to muscle. (c) Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. Approximately 95 percent of the ATP required for resting or moderately active muscles is provided by aerobic respiration, which takes place in mitochondria.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1016 Muscle Metabolism.jpg?width=200 "(a) Some ATP is stored in a resting muscle. As contraction starts, it is used up in seconds. More ATP is generated from creatine phosphate for about 15 seconds. (b) Each glucose molecule produces two ATP and two molecules of pyruvic acid, which can be used in aerobic respiration or converted to [[lactic acid]]. If oxygen is not available, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, which may contribute to [[muscle fatigue]]. This occurs during strenuous exercise when high amounts of energy are needed but oxygen cannot be sufficiently delivered to muscle. (c) Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. Approximately 95 percent of the ATP required for resting or moderately active muscles is provided by aerobic respiration, which takes place in mitochondria.")
![Types of [[pennate muscle]]. A – [[unipennate]]; B – [[bipennate]];
C – [[multipennate]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fiederung.svg?width=200 "Types of [[pennate muscle]]. A – [[unipennate]]; B – [[bipennate]];
C – [[multipennate]]")
![[[Human embryo]] showing [[somite]]s labelled as ''primitive segments''.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gray20.png?width=200 "[[Human embryo]] showing [[somite]]s labelled as ''primitive segments''.")
![polypeptide]] tail (only one tail of each pair is shown). The pairs of histones, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, each have [[lysine]]s (K) in their tails, some of which are subject to post-translational modifications consisting, usually, of acetylations [Ac] and methylations {me}. The lysines (K) are designated with a number showing their position as, for instance, (K4), indicating lysine as the 4th amino acid from the amino (N) end of the tail in the histone protein. The particular acetylations [Ac] and methylations {Me} shown are those that occur on nucleosomes close to, or at, some DNA regions undergoing transcriptional activation of the DNA wrapped around the nucleosome.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Histone tails set for transcriptional activation.jpg?width=200 "polypeptide]] tail (only one tail of each pair is shown). The pairs of histones, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, each have [[lysine]]s (K) in their tails, some of which are subject to post-translational modifications consisting, usually, of acetylations [Ac] and methylations {me}. The lysines (K) are designated with a number showing their position as, for instance, (K4), indicating lysine as the 4th amino acid from the amino (N) end of the tail in the histone protein. The particular acetylations [Ac] and methylations {Me} shown are those that occur on nucleosomes close to, or at, some DNA regions undergoing transcriptional activation of the DNA wrapped around the nucleosome.")
![Prisoner of war exhibiting muscle loss as a result of [[malnutrition]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Japanese atrocities. Philippines, China, Burma, Japan - NARA - 292600.jpg?width=200 "Prisoner of war exhibiting muscle loss as a result of [[malnutrition]].")
![[[Jogging]] is one form of aerobic exercise.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jogging couple.jpg?width=200 "[[Jogging]] is one form of aerobic exercise.")
![In [[muscular dystrophy]], the affected tissues become disorganized and the concentration of [[dystrophin]] (green) is greatly reduced.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MuscularDystrophy.png?width=200 "In [[muscular dystrophy]], the affected tissues become disorganized and the concentration of [[dystrophin]] (green) is greatly reduced.")
![Structure of muscle fibre showing a sarcomere under [[electron microscope]] with schematic explanation.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sarcomere.gif?width=200 "Structure of muscle fibre showing a sarcomere under [[electron microscope]] with schematic explanation.")
الصفة
عَضِل ; مَفْتُولُ السَّاعِدِ أو العَضَل
Определение
Википедия
A muscle cell is also known as a myocyte when referring to either a cardiac muscle cell (cardiomyocyte), or a smooth muscle cell as these are both small cells. A skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. Muscle cells (including myocytes and muscle fibers) develop from embryonic precursor cells called myoblasts.
Myoblasts fuse form multinucleated skeletal muscle cells known as syncytia in a process known as myogenesis. Skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells both contain myofibrils and sarcomeres and form a striated muscle tissue.
Cardiac muscle cells form the cardiac muscle in the walls of the heart chambers, and have a single central nucleus. Cardiac muscle cells are joined to neighboring cells by intercalated discs, and when joined in a visible unit they are described as a cardiac muscle fiber.
Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as the peristalsis contractions in the esophagus and stomach. Smooth muscle has no myofibrils or sarcomeres and is therefore non-striated. Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus.
