Fructose malabsorption, formerly named dietary fructose intolerance (DFI), is a digestive disorder in which absorption of fructose is impaired by deficient fructose carriers in the small intestine's enterocytes. This results in an increased concentration of fructose. Intolerance to fructose was first identified and reported in 1956.

Similarity in symptoms means that patients with fructose malabsorption often fit the profile of those with irritable bowel syndrome.

Fructose malabsorption is not to be confused with hereditary fructose intolerance, a potentially fatal condition in which the liver enzymes that break up fructose are deficient. Hereditary fructose intolerance is quite rare, affecting up to 1 in 20,000 to 30,000 people.