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monetary$49969$ - перевод на греческий
GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Monetary financing; Monetary finance
![[[Bank Indonesia]] (''pictured'') agreed to directly purchase about US$27.4 billion of government debt in July 2020](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jakarta Indonesia Central-Bank-of-Indonesia-02.jpg?width=200 "[[Bank Indonesia]] (''pictured'') agreed to directly purchase about US$27.4 billion of government debt in July 2020")
monetary
adj. χρηματικός, νομισματικός
International Monetary Fund
.jpg?width=200)
![On 28 June 2011, [[Christine Lagarde]] was named managing director of the IMF, replacing Dominique Strauss-Kahn.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christine Lagarde - Université d'été du MEDEF 2009.jpg?width=200 "On 28 June 2011, [[Christine Lagarde]] was named managing director of the IMF, replacing Dominique Strauss-Kahn.")
![IMF "Headquarters 1" in Washington, D.C., designed by [[Moshe Safdie]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/IMF HQ.jpg?width=200 "IMF \"Headquarters 1\" in Washington, D.C., designed by [[Moshe Safdie]]")
![[[Anarchist]] protest against the IMF and corporate bailout](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/IMF demonstration (10).png?width=200 "[[Anarchist]] protest against the IMF and corporate bailout")
![IMF member states not accepting the obligations of Article VIII, Sections 2, 3, and 4<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/aa/aa08.htm Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, Article VIII – General Obligations of Members]<br />Section 2: Avoidance of restrictions on current payments;<br /> Section 3: Avoidance of discriminatory currency practices;<br />Section 4: Convertibility of foreign-held balances.</ref>}}](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/International Monetary Fund (art.VIII).png?width=200 "IMF member states not accepting the obligations of Article VIII, Sections 2, 3, and 4<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/aa/aa08.htm Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, Article VIII – General Obligations of Members]<br />Section 2: Avoidance of restrictions on current payments;<br /> Section 3: Avoidance of discriminatory currency practices;<br />Section 4: Convertibility of foreign-held balances.</ref>}}")
![The Gold Room within the [[Mount Washington Hotel]] where the [[Bretton Woods Conference]] attendees signed the agreements creating the IMF and [[World Bank]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Gold Room Bretton Woods Reverse Angle.jpg?width=200 "The Gold Room within the [[Mount Washington Hotel]] where the [[Bretton Woods Conference]] attendees signed the agreements creating the IMF and [[World Bank]]")
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION
Imf; IMF; IMF chief; World Economic Outlook; International Monetary and Financial Committee; International money fund; International Money Fund; IMF crisis; IMF Working Paper Series; International Monetary Fund historical list of ten largest countries by GDP; Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund; Criticism of the International Monetary Fund; The imf; 10.5089; Intl. Monetary Fund; International Monetary Fund Act 1962
διεθνές νομισματικό ταμείο
monetary policy
![The [[Bank of Japan]], in Tokyo, established in 1882.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bank of Japan headquarters in Tokyo, Japan.jpg?width=200 "The [[Bank of Japan]], in Tokyo, established in 1882.")
![Banknotes with a face value of 5000 in different currencies. ([[United States dollar]], [[Central African CFA franc]], [[Japanese yen]], [[Italian lira]], and [[French franc]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Billets de 5000.jpg?width=200 "Banknotes with a face value of 5000 in different currencies. ([[United States dollar]], [[Central African CFA franc]], [[Japanese yen]], [[Italian lira]], and [[French franc]])")
![Jiaozi]], redeemable for 770 ''mò''.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hue-tzu (Song Dynasty government issue), 1023 - John E. Sandrock.jpg?width=200 "Jiaozi]], redeemable for 770 ''mò''.")
![Gold certificate]]s were used as [[paper currency]] in the [[United States]] from 1882 to 1933. These certificates were freely convertible into [[gold coin]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Us-gold-certificate-1922.jpg?width=200 "Gold certificate]]s were used as [[paper currency]] in the [[United States]] from 1882 to 1933. These certificates were freely convertible into [[gold coin]]s.")
![The [[Bank of Finland]], in [[Helsinki]], established in 1812.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/BankofFinlandSuomenPankkiFinlandsBank.jpg?width=200 "The [[Bank of Finland]], in [[Helsinki]], established in 1812.")
![The headquarters of the [[Bank for International Settlements]], in [[Basel]] ([[Switzerland]]).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Basel - Bank für internationalen Zahlungsausgleich3.jpg?width=200 "The headquarters of the [[Bank for International Settlements]], in [[Basel]] ([[Switzerland]]).")
![The [[Reserve Bank of India]] (established in 1935) Headquarters in [[Mumbai]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RBI-Tower.jpg?width=200 "The [[Reserve Bank of India]] (established in 1935) Headquarters in [[Mumbai]].")
![The [[Central Bank of Brazil]] (established in 1964) in [[Brasília]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Central Bank of Brazil.jpg?width=200 "The [[Central Bank of Brazil]] (established in 1964) in [[Brasília]].")
![The [[Bank of Spain]] (established in 1782) in [[Madrid]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Banco de España (Madrid) 06.jpg?width=200 "The [[Bank of Spain]] (established in 1782) in [[Madrid]].")
SUBCLASS OF THE ECONOMIC POLICY
Monetary policy of central banks; Central bank/Monetary policy; Monetary Policy; Contractionary monetary policy; Monetary regime; Expansionary monetary policy; Monetary expansion; Price policy; Monetray policy; Price level targeting; Monetary action; Money policy; Contractionary policies; Expansionary policies; Monetary management; Goal of monetary policy; Tight money policy; Tight credit; Unconventional monetary policy; Contractionary; Monetary contraction; Monetary policies; Interest rate targeting; Monetary policy credibility; History of monetary policy
νομισματική πολιτική
Определение
IMF
Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.
The IMF is an international agency which tries to promote trade and improve economic conditions in poorer countries, sometimes by lending them money. IMF is an abbreviation for 'International Monetary Fund'.
N-PROPER: the N
Википедия
Debt monetization
Debt monetization or monetary financing is the practice of a government borrowing money from the central bank to finance public spending instead of selling bonds to private investors or raising taxes. The central banks who buy government debt, are essentially creating new money in the process to do so.
This practice is often informally and pejoratively called printing money or money creation. It is prohibited in many countries, because it is considered dangerous due to the risk of creating runaway inflation.
