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FM (frequency modulated) - перевод на Английский
![An American FM radio transmitter in Buffalo, NY at [[WEDG]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FM Broadcast Transmitter High Power.jpg?width=200 "An American FM radio transmitter in Buffalo, NY at [[WEDG]]")
![static]], while the FM receiver clearly reproduced a music program from Armstrong's experimental FM transmitter [[W2XMN]] in New Jersey.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GE FM radio antistatic demonstration 1940.jpg?width=200 "static]], while the FM receiver clearly reproduced a music program from Armstrong's experimental FM transmitter [[W2XMN]] in New Jersey.")
![Frequency spectrum and [[waterfall plot]] of a 146.52{{nbsp}}MHz carrier, frequency modulated by a 1,000{{nbsp}}Hz sinusoid. The modulation index has been adjusted to around 2.4, so the carrier frequency has small amplitude. Several strong sidebands are apparent; in principle an infinite number are produced in FM but the higher-order sidebands are of negligible magnitude.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Waterfall FM.jpg?width=200 "Frequency spectrum and [[waterfall plot]] of a 146.52{{nbsp}}MHz carrier, frequency modulated by a 1,000{{nbsp}}Hz sinusoid. The modulation index has been adjusted to around 2.4, so the carrier frequency has small amplitude. Several strong sidebands are apparent; in principle an infinite number are produced in FM but the higher-order sidebands are of negligible magnitude.")
Ex: This article discusses the use of diskettes, Bernoulli removable disc cartridges, CD-ROM's, modems using dial up phone lines, leased phone lines, satellites and frequency modulated (FM) subcarriers.
Определение
Википедия
Frequency modulation (FM) is the encoding of information in a carrier wave by varying the instantaneous frequency of the wave. The technology is used in telecommunications, radio broadcasting, signal processing, and computing.
In analog frequency modulation, such as radio broadcasting, of an audio signal representing voice or music, the instantaneous frequency deviation, i.e. the difference between the frequency of the carrier and its center frequency, has a functional relation to the modulating signal amplitude.
Digital data can be encoded and transmitted with a type of frequency modulation known as frequency-shift keying (FSK), in which the instantaneous frequency of the carrier is shifted among a set of frequencies. The frequencies may represent digits, such as '0' and '1'. FSK is widely used in computer modems, such as fax modems, telephone caller ID systems, garage door openers, and other low-frequency transmissions. Radioteletype also uses FSK.
Frequency modulation is widely used for FM radio broadcasting. It is also used in telemetry, radar, seismic prospecting, and monitoring newborns for seizures via EEG, two-way radio systems, sound synthesis, magnetic tape-recording systems and some video-transmission systems. In radio transmission, an advantage of frequency modulation is that it has a larger signal-to-noise ratio and therefore rejects radio frequency interference better than an equal power amplitude modulation (AM) signal. For this reason, most music is broadcast over FM radio.
However, under severe enough multipath conditions it performs much more poorly than AM, with distinct high frequency noise artifacts that are audible with lower volumes and less complex tones. With high enough volume and carrier deviation audio distortion starts to occur that otherwise wouldn't be present without multipath or with an AM signal.
Frequency modulation and phase modulation are the two complementary principal methods of angle modulation; phase modulation is often used as an intermediate step to achieve frequency modulation. These methods contrast with amplitude modulation, in which the amplitude of the carrier wave varies, while the frequency and phase remain constant.
