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Josephine Baker - перевод на Английский
![Baker at the [[Château des Milandes]], 1961](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Afhalen van Josephine Baker in Frankrijk Josephine in haar tuin Les Milandes, Bestanddeelnr 912-6479.jpg?width=200 "Baker at the [[Château des Milandes]], 1961")
![[[Château des Milandes]] which she rented from 1940 before purchasing in 1947.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Château des Millandes.jpg?width=200 "[[Château des Milandes]] which she rented from 1940 before purchasing in 1947.")
![Depiction, drawn by Louis Gaudin, of Baker being presented a [[flower bouquet]] by a cheetah](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis Gaudin - Casino de Paris - Josephine Baker 1930.jpg?width=200 "Depiction, drawn by Louis Gaudin, of Baker being presented a [[flower bouquet]] by a cheetah")
 - panneau.JPG?width=200 "Place Joséphine Baker in Paris")
![Deputy Chief of Staff]] [[Michael Deaver]] at the White House, December 2, 1981](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James Baker, Edwin Meese, and Michael Deaver.jpg?width=200 "Deputy Chief of Staff]] [[Michael Deaver]] at the White House, December 2, 1981")
![State Department]] Portrait of James Baker by [[Ned Bittinger]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James Baker III, State Department Portrait by Ned Bittinger.jpg?width=200 "State Department]] Portrait of James Baker by [[Ned Bittinger]]")
![Robert McCormick Adams]] during a visit to Samuel P. Langley Theater at the [[National Air and Space Museum]] on January 15, 1992.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/President George Bush Visits Langley Theater.jpg?width=200 "Robert McCormick Adams]] during a visit to Samuel P. Langley Theater at the [[National Air and Space Museum]] on January 15, 1992.")
![George H.W. Bush]] in the [[Oval Office]] of the [[White House]] on January 4, 1991.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/President George H. W. Bush meets with Secretary James Baker in the Oval Office of the White House.jpg?width=200 "George H.W. Bush]] in the [[Oval Office]] of the [[White House]] on January 4, 1991.")
![Baker with President [[George H. W. Bush]] at a [[Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe]] (CSCE) on November 9, 1990](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/President George H. W. Bush with James Baker at a Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe.jpg?width=200 "Baker with President [[George H. W. Bush]] at a [[Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe]] (CSCE) on November 9, 1990")
![Chairman of the]] [[Federal Reserve Bank]] on June 2, 1987.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/President Ronald Reagan announcing the nomination of Alan Greenspan as Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Board.jpg?width=200 "Chairman of the]] [[Federal Reserve Bank]] on June 2, 1987.")
![Secretary of the Treasury]] and the appointment of [[Donald Regan]] as [[White House Chief of Staff]] on January 8, 1985. A job-swap that both Baker and Regan agreed to swap with.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/President Ronald Reagan making a statement to the press announcing the nomination of James Baker to be Secretary of the Treasury and the appointment of Donald Regan as Chief of Staff.jpg?width=200 "Secretary of the Treasury]] and the appointment of [[Donald Regan]] as [[White House Chief of Staff]] on January 8, 1985. A job-swap that both Baker and Regan agreed to swap with.")
![Baker arriving in [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arabia]], 2015](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Representative Engel, Former Secretaries Baker, Rice, Former NSC Adviser Scowcroft Disembark From U.S. Air Force Jet Upon Arrival in Riyadh.jpg?width=200 "Baker arriving in [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arabia]], 2015")
Определение
Википедия
Freda Josephine Baker (née McDonald; June 3, 1906 – April 12, 1975), naturalised as Joséphine Baker, was an American-born French dancer, singer and actress. Her career was centered primarily in Europe, mostly in her adopted France. She was the first black woman to star in a major motion picture, the 1927 silent film Siren of the Tropics, directed by Mario Nalpas and Henri Étiévant.
During her early career, Baker was among the most celebrated performers to headline the revues of the Folies Bergère in Paris. Her performance in the revue Un vent de folie in 1927 caused a sensation in the city. Her costume, consisting of only a short skirt of artificial bananas and a beaded necklace, became an iconic image and a symbol both of the Jazz Age and the Roaring Twenties.
Baker was celebrated by artists and intellectuals of the era, who variously dubbed her the "Black Venus", the "Black Pearl", the "Bronze Venus", and the "Creole Goddess". Born in St. Louis, Missouri, she renounced her U.S. citizenship and became a French national after her marriage to French industrialist Jean Lion in 1937. She raised her children in France.
She aided the French Resistance during World War II. After the war, she was awarded the Resistance Medal by the French Committee of National Liberation, the Croix de Guerre by the French military, and was named a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur by General Charles de Gaulle. Baker sang: "I have two loves, my country and Paris."
Baker refused to perform for segregated audiences in the United States and is noted for her contributions to the civil rights movement. In 1968, she was offered unofficial leadership in the movement in the United States by Coretta Scott King, following Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination. After thinking it over, Baker declined the offer out of concern for the welfare of her children.
On November 30, 2021, she was inducted into the Panthéon in Paris, the first black woman to receive one of the highest honors in France. As her resting place remains in Monaco Cemetery, a cenotaph was installed in vault 13 of the crypt in the Panthéon.
