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Looney Tunes - перевод на Английский
![[[Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury]], a vigorous campaigner for the reform of lunacy law in England, and the Head of the [[Lunacy Commission]] for 40 years.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury by John Collier.jpg?width=200 "[[Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury]], a vigorous campaigner for the reform of lunacy law in England, and the Head of the [[Lunacy Commission]] for 40 years.")
 (cropped).jpg?width=200 "Views of Toledo State Hospital for the Insane")
![Eastern State Hospital]] was the first psychiatric institution to be founded in the United States.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eastern state hospital 1.jpg?width=200 "Eastern State Hospital]] was the first psychiatric institution to be founded in the United States.")
![Egas Moniz]] pioneered the field of [[psychosurgery]] with the lobotomy of a patient's frontal lobes in 1935.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Moniz.jpg?width=200 "Egas Moniz]] pioneered the field of [[psychosurgery]] with the lobotomy of a patient's frontal lobes in 1935.")
![[[William A. F. Browne]] was an influential reformer of the lunatic asylum in the mid-19th century, and an advocate of the new 'science' of [[phrenology]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Phrenologie1-157k.png?width=200 "[[William A. F. Browne]] was an influential reformer of the lunatic asylum in the mid-19th century, and an advocate of the new 'science' of [[phrenology]].")
![The [[York Retreat]] (c. 1796) was built by [[William Tuke]], a pioneer of moral treatment for the insane.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RetreatOriginalBuildingssm.jpg?width=200 "The [[York Retreat]] (c. 1796) was built by [[William Tuke]], a pioneer of moral treatment for the insane.")
![[[Leningrad Special Psychiatric Hospital of Prison Type of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs]] was a psychiatric institution used by the Soviet authorities to suppress dissent.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/St Petersburg Psychiatric Hospital of Specialized Type with Intense Observation.JPG?width=200 "[[Leningrad Special Psychiatric Hospital of Prison Type of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs]] was a psychiatric institution used by the Soviet authorities to suppress dissent.")
![The joint counties' lunatic asylum, erected at [[Abergavenny]], 1850](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Joint Counties' Lunatic Asylum, Erected at Abergavenny.jpeg?width=200 "The joint counties' lunatic asylum, erected at [[Abergavenny]], 1850")
![Advertisement for Thorazine (chlorpromazine) from the early 1960s<ref>The text reads: ''When the patient lashes out against "them" – THORAZINE (brand of chlorpromazine) quickly puts an end to his violent outburst. 'Thorazine' is especially effective when the psychotic episode is triggered by delusions or [[hallucination]]s. At the outset of treatment, Thorazine's combination of antipsychotic and sedative effects provides both emotional and physical calming. Assaultive or destructive behavior is rapidly controlled. As therapy continues, the initial sedative effect gradually disappears. But the antipsychotic effect continues, helping to dispel or modify delusions, hallucinations and confusion, while keeping the patient calm and approachable. SMITH KLINE AND FRENCH LABORATORIES leaders in psychopharmaceutical research.''</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thorazine advert.jpg?width=200 "Advertisement for Thorazine (chlorpromazine) from the early 1960s<ref>The text reads: ''When the patient lashes out against \"them\" – THORAZINE (brand of chlorpromazine) quickly puts an end to his violent outburst. 'Thorazine' is especially effective when the psychotic episode is triggered by delusions or [[hallucination]]s. At the outset of treatment, Thorazine's combination of antipsychotic and sedative effects provides both emotional and physical calming. Assaultive or destructive behavior is rapidly controlled. As therapy continues, the initial sedative effect gradually disappears. But the antipsychotic effect continues, helping to dispel or modify delusions, hallucinations and confusion, while keeping the patient calm and approachable. SMITH KLINE AND FRENCH LABORATORIES leaders in psychopharmaceutical research.''</ref>")
Определение
Википедия
Looney Tunes is an American animated comedy short film series produced by Warner Bros. from 1930 to 1969, concurrently with its partner series Merrie Melodies, during the golden age of American animation. The two series introduced a large cast of characters, including Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, and Porky Pig. The term Looney Tunes has since been expanded to also refer to the characters themselves.
Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies were initially produced by Leon Schlesinger and animators Hugh Harman and Rudolph Ising from 1930 to 1933. Schlesinger assumed full production from 1933 until selling his studio to Warner Bros. in 1944. The Looney Tunes title was inspired by that of Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies. The shorts initially showcased musical compositions owned by Warner's music publishing interests through the adventures of such characters as Bosko and Buddy. However, the shorts gained a higher profile upon the debuts of directors Tex Avery, Friz Freleng, Chuck Jones, and Robert McKimson and voice actor Mel Blanc later in the decade. Porky Pig and Daffy Duck became the featured Looney Tunes characters, while Merrie Melodies featured one-shot cartoons and minor recurring characters.
After Bugs Bunny became popular in the Merrie Melodies shorts of the early 1940s, Looney Tunes moved from black and white to color production, Merrie Melodies having already been in color since 1934. The two series gradually lost their distinctions, and shorts were assigned to each series arbitrarily. From 1942 to 1964, Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies were the most popular animated shorts in movie theaters.
Looney Tunes has since become a worldwide media franchise, spawning several television series, feature films, comic books, music albums, video games, and amusement park rides. Many of the characters have made and continue to make cameo appearances in television shows, films, and other media. Bugs Bunny, in particular, is regarded as a cultural icon and has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Many Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies films are ranked among the greatest animated cartoons of all time, and five of them have won Academy Awards. In 2013, TV Guide counted Looney Tunes as the third greatest television cartoon series of all time, behind The Simpsons and The Flintstones, which also featured the voice talents of Mel Blanc and Bea Benaderet.
