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Robert Laughlin - перевод на Английский
![Laughlin (right) in the White House together with other 1998 US Nobel Prize Winners and the President [[Bill Clinton]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Clinton&1998NobelLaureates.jpg?width=200 "Laughlin (right) in the White House together with other 1998 US Nobel Prize Winners and the President [[Bill Clinton]]")
![[[Clara Wieck]] in an idealized lithograph by [[Andreas Staub]], c. 1839](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andreas Staub - Clara Wieck (Lithographie 1839, cropped).jpg?width=200 "[[Clara Wieck]] in an idealized lithograph by [[Andreas Staub]], c. 1839")
![Grave of Robert and Clara Schumann at [[Bonn]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bonn graveyard robert schumann 20080509.jpg?width=200 "Grave of Robert and Clara Schumann at [[Bonn]]")
![[[Friedrich Wieck]] in a sketch by [[Pauline Viardot-Garcia]], around 1838](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Friedrich Wieck um 1838.jpg?width=200 "[[Friedrich Wieck]] in a sketch by [[Pauline Viardot-Garcia]], around 1838")
![The [[East Germany]] 1956 Schumann/Schubert error: Schubert's music is on the top stamp, and Schumann's on the bottom.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GDR stamp Robert Schumann 1956-vertical.jpg?width=200 "The [[East Germany]] 1956 Schumann/Schubert error: Schubert's music is on the top stamp, and Schumann's on the bottom.")
![[[Schumann House, Leipzig]]: Robert and Clara Schumann lived in an apartment here from 1840 to 1844.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leipzig Schumann-Haus.jpg?width=200 "[[Schumann House, Leipzig]]: Robert and Clara Schumann lived in an apartment here from 1840 to 1844.")
![The stylized profiles of Clara and Robert Schumann, after the well-known relief by [[Ernst Friedrich August Rietschel]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert and Clara Schumann.jpg?width=200 "The stylized profiles of Clara and Robert Schumann, after the well-known relief by [[Ernst Friedrich August Rietschel]].")
![Robert Schumann monument at his birthplace [[Zwickau]], Germany](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robertschumann.jpg?width=200 "Robert Schumann monument at his birthplace [[Zwickau]], Germany")
![Robert Schumann in an 1850 [[daguerreotype]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Schumann-photo1850.jpg?width=200 "Robert Schumann in an 1850 [[daguerreotype]]")
![Schumann's birth house, now the [[Robert Schumann House]], after an anonymous colourized lithograph](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Schumannhaus ALT.JPG?width=200 "Schumann's birth house, now the [[Robert Schumann House]], after an anonymous colourized lithograph")
![NoHo]] neighborhood of [[Manhattan]], later kept by him for use as a darkroom](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gene Frankel Theater 24 Bond Street.jpg?width=200 "NoHo]] neighborhood of [[Manhattan]], later kept by him for use as a darkroom")
Википедия
Robert Betts Laughlin (born November 1, 1950) is the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Physics and Applied Physics at Stanford University. Along with Horst L. Störmer of Columbia University and Daniel C. Tsui of Princeton University, he was awarded a share of the 1998 Nobel Prize in physics for their explanation of the fractional quantum Hall effect.
In 1983, Laughlin was first to provide a many body wave function, now known as the Laughlin wavefunction, for the fractional quantum hall effect, which was able to correctly explain the fractionalized charge observed in experiments. This state has since been interpreted as the integer quantum Hall effect of the composite fermion.
His 2017 paper, "Pumped thermal grid storage with heat exchange" inspired Project Malta at Google X and subsequently Malta inc.
