synchronic linguistics - перевод на итальянский
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synchronic linguistics - перевод на итальянский

SYSTEM OF LINGUISTIC KNOWLEDGE POSSESSED BY NATIVE SPEAKERS OF A LANGUAGE
Competency (linguistics); Competence (linguistics)

synchronic linguistics      
linguistica sincronica (studio della lingua relativo a un periodo specifico)
diachronic linguistics         
  • Classification of Indo-European languages. Red: Extinct languages. White: categories or unattested proto-languages. Left half: [[centum]] languages; right half: [[satem]] languages
STUDY OF LANGUAGE CHANGE OVER TIME
Historical-comparative linguistics; Diachronic linguistics; Linguistic divergence; Linguistic speciation; Proto-linguistics; Comparative philologist; Historical linguist; Historical Linguistics; Language divergence; Changes in language over time; Glottology; Historical-Comparative Linguistics; Comparative historical linguistics; Phonological reconstruction; Glottologist; Innovative (linguistics); Archaic (linguistics); Historical philology; Historic linguistics; Relative dating (linguistics); Advanced (linguistics); Historical linguists
linguistica diacronica (studio della lingua e della sua evoluzione nel corso della storia)
structural linguistics         
VIEW OF LINGUISTICS
Structuralist linguistics; Structural-linguistics; Structural Linguistics; Structuralism (linguistics); History of structural linguistics
linguistica strutturale

Определение

synchronic
[s??'kr?n?k]
¦ adjective concerned with something (especially a language) as it exists at one point in time. Often contrasted with diachronic.
Derivatives
synchronically adverb

Википедия

Linguistic competence

In linguistics, linguistic competence is the system of unconscious knowledge that one knows when they know a language. It is distinguished from linguistic performance, which includes all other factors that allow one to use one's language in practice.

In approaches to linguistics which adopt this distinction, competence would normally be considered responsible for the fact that "I like ice cream" is a possible sentence of English, the particular proposition that it denotes, and the particular sequence of phones that it consists of. Performance, on the other hand, would be responsible for the real-time processing required to produce or comprehend it, for the particular role it plays in a discourse, and for the particular sound wave one might produce while uttering it.

The distinction is widely adopted in formal linguistics, where competence and performance are typically studied independently. However, it is not used in other approaches including functional linguistics and cognitive linguistics, and it has been criticized in particular for turning performance into a wastebasket for hard-to-handle phenomena.