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Tables of the Decalogue - перевод на немецкий
![lawcode of Gortyn]] in Crete (around 450 BC). This Greek lawcode was inscribed in twelve columns on the inner face of a circular wall. Scholars observed that its content and focus on the private law offers striking parallels with the Twelve Tables<ref>Forsythe, Gary, 2005, ''A Critical History of Early Rome. From Prehistory to the First Punic War'', Berkeley and Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 202-203</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gortys Law Code.jpg?width=200 "lawcode of Gortyn]] in Crete (around 450 BC). This Greek lawcode was inscribed in twelve columns on the inner face of a circular wall. Scholars observed that its content and focus on the private law offers striking parallels with the Twelve Tables<ref>Forsythe, Gary, 2005, ''A Critical History of Early Rome. From Prehistory to the First Punic War'', Berkeley and Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 202-203</ref>")
![Publication of the Twelve Tables in Rome,approx. 2 BC. Drawing by [[Silvestre David Mirys]] (1742-1810); engraved by [[Claude-Nicolas Malapeau]] (1755-1803)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Loix des Douze Tables.jpg?width=200 "Publication of the Twelve Tables in Rome,approx. 2 BC. Drawing by [[Silvestre David Mirys]] (1742-1810); engraved by [[Claude-Nicolas Malapeau]] (1755-1803)")
![Ten Commandments Monument]] at the [[Arkansas State Capitol]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/21-16-020-commandments.jpg?width=200 "Ten Commandments Monument]] at the [[Arkansas State Capitol]]")
![Herodian]] period, between 30 and 1 BC](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/4Q41 2.png?width=200 "Herodian]] period, between 30 and 1 BC")
![This 1768 [[parchment]] (612×502 mm) by [[Jekuthiel Sofer]] emulated the 1675 Ten Commandments at the [[Amsterdam Esnoga]] [[synagogue]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Decalogue parchment by Jekuthiel Sofer 1768.jpg?width=200 "This 1768 [[parchment]] (612×502 mm) by [[Jekuthiel Sofer]] emulated the 1675 Ten Commandments at the [[Amsterdam Esnoga]] [[synagogue]]")
![18th-century depiction of Moses receiving the tablets ([[Monheim Town Hall]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Monheim Town Hall 5.jpg?width=200 "18th-century depiction of Moses receiving the tablets ([[Monheim Town Hall]])")
![''[[Moses Breaking the Tablets of the Law]]'' (1659) by [[Rembrandt]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rembrandt - Moses with the Ten Commandments - Google Art Project.jpg?width=200 "''[[Moses Breaking the Tablets of the Law]]'' (1659) by [[Rembrandt]]")
![Moses receives the Ten Commandments in this 1860 woodcut by [[Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld]], a Lutheran.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Schnorr von Carolsfeld Bibel in Bildern 1860 054.png?width=200 "Moses receives the Ten Commandments in this 1860 woodcut by [[Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld]], a Lutheran.")
![The Sixth Commandment, as translated by the ''[[Book of Common Prayer]]'' (1549).<br />The image is from the altar screen of the [[Temple Church]] near the Law Courts in London.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sixth Commandment (Temple Church, London).jpg?width=200 "The Sixth Commandment, as translated by the ''[[Book of Common Prayer]]'' (1549).<br />The image is from the altar screen of the [[Temple Church]] near the Law Courts in London.")
![Austin]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/TenCommandmentsAustinStateCapitol.jpg?width=200 "Austin]]")
Определение
Википедия
The Laws of the Twelve Tables was the legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law. Formally promulgated in 449 BC, the Tables consolidated earlier traditions into an enduring set of laws.
In the Forum, "The Twelve Tables" stated the rights and duties of the Roman citizen. Their formulation was the result of considerable agitation by the plebeian class, who had hitherto been excluded from the higher benefits of the Republic. The law had previously been unwritten and exclusively interpreted by upper-class priests, the pontifices. Something of the regard with which later Romans came to view the Twelve Tables is captured in the remark of Cicero (106–43 BC) that the "Twelve Tables...seems to me, assuredly to surpass the libraries of all the philosophers, both in weight of authority, and in plenitude of utility". Cicero scarcely exaggerated; the Twelve Tables formed the basis of Roman law for a thousand years.
The Twelve Tables are sufficiently comprehensive that their substance has been described as a 'code', although modern scholars consider this characterization exaggerated. The Tables are a sequence of definitions of various private rights and procedures. They generally took for granted such things as the institutions of the family and various rituals for formal transactions. The provisions were often highly specific and diverse.
