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Gladstone - перевод на русский
.jpg?width=200)
![Gladstone in 1879, painted by [[John Everett Millais]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Acgladstone2.jpg?width=200 "Gladstone in 1879, painted by [[John Everett Millais]].")
![Statue of Gladstone at [[Bow Church]], London. Note the hands, painted red by activists.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flickr - Duncan~ - Gladstone, Bow Church.jpg?width=200 "Statue of Gladstone at [[Bow Church]], London. Note the hands, painted red by activists.")
![Gladstone in 1874, painted by [[Franz von Lenbach]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Franz von Lenbach - Portrait of William Ewart Gladstone (1874).jpg?width=200 "Gladstone in 1874, painted by [[Franz von Lenbach]].")
![Gladstone in 1886, as painted by [[Franz von Lenbach]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Franz von Lenbach - Portrait of William Ewart Gladstone (1886).jpg?width=200 "Gladstone in 1886, as painted by [[Franz von Lenbach]].")
 (cropped).jpg?width=200 "Portrait of Gladstone at Hawarden in 1877")
![Vanity Fair]]'', 27 November 1883](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Cabinet Council, 1883. (BM 1925,0701.129).jpg?width=200 "Vanity Fair]]'', 27 November 1883")
![Vanity Fair]]'' in 1869.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WE Gladstone, Vanity Fair, 1869-02-06, crop.jpg?width=200 "Vanity Fair]]'' in 1869.")
![url-status=live}}</ref> daughter of [[Mary Gladstone]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/W E Gladstone and Dorothy Drew.jpg?width=200 "url-status=live}}</ref> daughter of [[Mary Gladstone]]")
![Gladstone in 1859, painted by [[George Frederic Watts]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William Ewart Gladstone by George Frederic Watts.jpg?width=200 "Gladstone in 1859, painted by [[George Frederic Watts]].")
![Rupert Potter]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William Ewart Gladstone by Rupert Potter.jpg?width=200 "Rupert Potter]]")
![Gladstone c. 1835, painted by [[William Cubley]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William Ewart Gladstone by William Harold Cubley.jpg?width=200 "Gladstone c. 1835, painted by [[William Cubley]].")
![John Mayall]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William Gladstone by Mayall, 1861.jpg?width=200 "John Mayall]].")
![Statue at [[Aldwych]], London, near to the Royal Courts of Justice and opposite [[Australia House]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gladstone Statue, London.jpg?width=200 "Statue at [[Aldwych]], London, near to the Royal Courts of Justice and opposite [[Australia House]]")
![Statue in [[Albert Square, Manchester]], Manchester](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William Ewart Gladstone statue, Albert Square.jpg?width=200 "Statue in [[Albert Square, Manchester]], Manchester")
![Statue on the Gladstone Monument in Coates Crescent Gardens, [[Edinburgh]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gladstone Monument statue, Coates Crescent Gardens, Edinburgh.JPG?width=200 "Statue on the Gladstone Monument in Coates Crescent Gardens, [[Edinburgh]]")
![Sofia]], Bulgaria](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/From Vladaya to Chalite b 20090407 010.JPG?width=200 "Sofia]], Bulgaria")
['glædstən]
общая лексика
"Гладстон" (сорт среднеспелого картофеля; клубни овальные)
существительное
общая лексика
кожаный саквояж
двухместный экипаж
ироническое выражение
лёгкое французское вино
[,grændəuld'mæn]
общая лексика
"великий старец" (о видном пожилом деятеле, особ. политическом)
первоначально прозвище У.Гладстона [William Gladstone, 1809-98]
Определение
Википедия
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William Ewart Gladstone ( GLAD-stən; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British statesman and Liberal politician. In a career lasting over 60 years, he served for 12 years as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, spread over four non-consecutive terms (the most of any British prime minister) beginning in 1868 and ending in 1894. He also served as Chancellor of the Exchequer four times, for over 12 years.
Gladstone was born in Liverpool to Scottish parents. He first entered the House of Commons in 1832, beginning his political career as a High Tory, a grouping that became the Conservative Party under Robert Peel in 1834. Gladstone served as a minister in both of Peel's governments, and in 1846 joined the breakaway Peelite faction, which eventually merged into the new Liberal Party in 1859. He was chancellor under Lord Aberdeen (1852–1855), Lord Palmerston (1859–1865) and Lord Russell (1865–1866). Gladstone's own political doctrine—which emphasised equality of opportunity and opposition to trade protectionism—came to be known as Gladstonian liberalism. His popularity amongst the working-class earned him the sobriquet "The People's William".
In 1868, Gladstone became prime minister for the first time. Many reforms were passed during his first ministry, including the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland and the introduction of secret voting. After electoral defeat in 1874, Gladstone resigned as leader of the Liberal Party. From 1876 he began a comeback based on opposition to the Ottoman Empire's reaction to the Bulgarian April Uprising. His Midlothian Campaign of 1879–1880 was an early example of many modern political campaigning techniques. After the 1880 general election, Gladstone formed his second ministry (1880–1885), which saw the passage of the Third Reform Act as well as crises in Egypt (culminating in the Fall of Khartoum) and Ireland, where his government passed repressive measures but also improved the legal rights of Irish tenant farmers.
Back in office in early 1886, Gladstone proposed home rule for Ireland but was defeated in the House of Commons. The resulting split in the Liberal Party helped keep them out of office—with one short break—for 20 years. Gladstone formed his last government in 1892, at the age of 82. The Government of Ireland Bill 1893 passed through the Commons but was defeated in the House of Lords in 1893, after which Irish Home Rule became a lesser part of his party's agenda. Gladstone left office in March 1894, aged 84, as both the oldest person to serve as Prime Minister and the only prime minister to have served four non-consecutive terms. He left Parliament in 1895 and died three years later.
Gladstone was known affectionately by his supporters as "The People's William" or the "G.O.M." ("Grand Old Man", or, to political rivals "God's Only Mistake"). Historians often call him one of Britain's greatest leaders.
