natural sciences - перевод на русский
![This [[structural formula]] for molecule [[caffeine]] shows a graphical representation of how the atoms are arranged.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Caffeine.svg?width=200 "This [[structural formula]] for molecule [[caffeine]] shows a graphical representation of how the atoms are arranged.")
![bound]] to a [[proton]]. Their mathematical descriptions are standard problems in [[quantum mechanics]], an important branch of physics.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HAtomOrbitals.png?width=200 "bound]] to a [[proton]]. Their mathematical descriptions are standard problems in [[quantum mechanics]], an important branch of physics.")
![a 1509 painting]] by [[Raphael]]. Plato rejected inquiry into natural philosophy as against religion, while his student, Aristotle, created a body of work on the natural world that influenced generations of scholars.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sanzio 01 Plato Aristotle.jpg?width=200 "a 1509 painting]] by [[Raphael]]. Plato rejected inquiry into natural philosophy as against religion, while his student, Aristotle, created a body of work on the natural world that influenced generations of scholars.")
![Onion (''[[Allium]]'') cells in different phases of the cell cycle. Growth in an '[[organism]]' is carefully controlled by regulating the cell cycle.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilson1900Fig2.jpg?width=200 "Onion (''[[Allium]]'') cells in different phases of the cell cycle. Growth in an '[[organism]]' is carefully controlled by regulating the cell cycle.")
[nætʃ(ə)rəl'saiəns]
общая лексика
естествознание
одна из естественных наук (физика, химия и т. п.)
ествествознание
биология
естествоведение
Определение
Википедия
Natural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation. Mechanisms such as peer review and repeatability of findings are used to try to ensure the validity of scientific advances.
Natural science can be divided into two main branches: life science and physical science. Life science is alternatively known as biology, and physical science is subdivided into branches: physics, chemistry, earth science, and astronomy. These branches of natural science may be further divided into more specialized branches (also known as fields). As empirical sciences, natural sciences use tools from the formal sciences, such as mathematics and logic, converting information about nature into measurements which can be explained as clear statements of the "laws of nature".
Modern natural science succeeded more classical approaches to natural philosophy, usually traced to Taoist traditions in Asia and in Europe to ancient Greece. Galileo, Descartes, Bacon, and Newton debated the benefits of using approaches which were more mathematical and more experimental in a methodical way. Still, philosophical perspectives, conjectures, and presuppositions, often overlooked, remain necessary in natural science. Systematic data collection, including discovery science, succeeded natural history, which emerged in the 16th century by describing and classifying plants, animals, minerals, and so on. Today, "natural history" suggests observational descriptions aimed at popular audiences.
