urban economics - перевод на русский
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urban economics - перевод на русский

ECONOMIC STUDY OF URBAN AREAS
Urban economy

urban economics         
экономика городов
urban decay         
  • decline]] in recent decades.
  • access-date=17 October 2015}}</ref>
  • Part of the city of [[Camden, New Jersey]] suffering from urban decay
  • Council houses in [[Scampia]], [[Naples]]
  • An early slum replacement in [[Islington]] built by George Peabody in the 19th century
  • St. Louis]], Missouri. In the 1950s, this [[urban renewal]] project was built; it failed and was razed in the 1970s.
  • Many areas that suffered population decline from the 1970s still have signs of urban decay, such as this derelict building in [[Birkenhead]], [[Merseyside]].
SOCIOLOGICAL PROCESS AFFECTING CITIES
Urban Decay; Inner city decline; Urban blight; Blight (urban); Urban Blight; Urban decline; Causes of urban decay
кризис городов
urban redevelopment         
  • Charles Booth]]'s colour-coded [[poverty map]], showing [[Westminster]] in 1889 – a pioneering social study of poverty that shocked the population.
  • housing project]], one of many urban renewal efforts
  • "A Cellar dwelling in Nichol Street", illustration for "More Revelations of Bethnal Green", published in ''The Builder'', vol. XXI, no. 1082 (31 October 1863)
  • Aerial view of downtown [[Fairbanks, Alaska]] in the early 1960s, showing the area cleared in [[Alaska]]'s first urban renewal project.
  • New buildings under construction in [[Haifa]] as part of the evacuate and build program
  • luxury]] residential and commercial [[district]].
PROGRAM OF LAND REDEVELOPMENT IN CITIES, OFTEN WHERE THERE IS URBAN DECAY
Urban regeneration; Urban renovation; Regeneration (engineering); Suburban renewal; Urban renewal project; Urban Renewal; Urban redevelopment; Regeneration (architecture); Regeneration (urbanism); Urban transformation; Housing renewal policy; Housing redevelopment; Social-regeneration program; Redevelopment of the city; Housing re-development; Urban revival; Urban Regeneration; Urban revitalization; Blight remediation; Urban-renewal

общая лексика

реконструкция города

Определение

economics
Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.
1.
Economics is the study of the way in which money, industry, and trade are organized in a society.
He gained a first class Honours degree in economics.
N-UNCOUNT
2.
The economics of a society or industry is the system of organizing money and trade in it.
...the economics of the third world.
N-UNCOUNT

Википедия

Urban economics

Urban economics is broadly the economic study of urban areas; as such, it involves using the tools of economics to analyze urban issues such as crime, education, public transit, housing, and local government finance. More specifically, it is a branch of microeconomics that studies the urban spatial structure and the location of households and firms (Quigley 2008).

Much urban economic analysis relies on a particular model of urban spatial structure, the monocentric city model pioneered in the 1960s by William Alonso, Richard Muth, and Edwin Mills. While most other forms of neoclassical economics do not account for spatial relationships between individuals and organizations, urban economics focuses on these spatial relationships to understand the economic motivations underlying the formation, functioning, and development of cities.

Since its formulation in 1964, Alonso's monocentric city model of a disc-shaped Central Business District (CBD) and the surrounding residential region has served as a starting point for urban economic analysis. Monocentricity has weakened over time because of changes in technology, particularly, faster and cheaper transportation (which makes it possible for commuters to live farther from their jobs in the CBD) and communications (which allow back-office operations to move out of the CBD).

Additionally, recent research has sought to explain the polycentricity described in Joel Garreau's Edge City. Several explanations for polycentric expansion have been proposed and summarized in models that account for factors such as utility gains from lower average land rents and increasing (or constant) returns due to economies of agglomeration (Strange 2008).

Примеры употребления для urban economics
1. Putin‘s initiative may help municipalities improve their finances, said Denis Vizgalov, an expert on local government at the Institute for Urban Economics.
2. Nadezhda Kosareva is president, Marina Liborakin is executive director, and Lyudmila Rogozina is an expert at the Institute for Urban Economics.
3. Sell now Daniel Gat, professor of real estate and urban economics at the Technion, also stresses the intense global uncertainty and local security problems: All it would take to change everything is a massive Israeli attack on Gaza, he says.
4. Vladilen Prokofyev, an expert at the Institute of Urban Economics, said utilities tariffs would have to at least double to reach the levels in other East European countries and even more to replace Soviet–era equipment.
5. Experts at the Moscow–based Institute of Urban Economics, which closely monitors developments on the ground, report that curiously, resource–rich towns with populations as large as 250,000 have tended to be demoted from the status of towns in their own right to that of "urban–type settlements," a change that surely reflects the resources and property they contain.
Как переводится urban economics на Русский язык